| Drums |
Drums are cylindrical hollow steel vessels used in process plants as intermediate containers that receive liquid from distillations and condensing equipments. Drums also collect liquid from vapour circuits and pump it to other process group, disposal or product storage |
| Towers |
Towers, also referred to as columns, are cylindrical steel vessels that are used for distilling raw material in the production of such products as gasoline, diesel, and heating oil. |
| Set elevation of a tower |
To set the elevation of a tower, the plant layout designer requires the following information: Tower dimensions; Type of heads; Support details; NPSH requirements; Bottom outlet size; Reboiler details; Foundation details; Minimum clearances |
| Information for PDS modelling |
Information for PDS piping modelling: Plot plant; P&ID; Piping layout; Line index; Piping general specification; Piping material; Piping component data; Piping spacing |
| Coolers |
Coolers are equipments that cool process streams by transferring heat to cooling water,atmosphere, and other media |
| Heat Exchanger |
Heat Exchanger is a equipment that used for heating one fluid while cooling the other simultaneously by exchange the heat between toe fluids |
| Exchangers |
Exchangers are equipments that exchange heat from a hot to a cold process stream |
| Reboilers |
Reboilers are equipments that boil process liquids in tower bottom using steam, hot oil or a hot process stream as the heating media |
| Heater |
Heater is heat exchanger that heats a process stream by condensing steam |
| Preheater |
Preheaters is heat exchanger that is used for efficient start of the system by heating the fluid in advance |
| Super-Heater |
Super-Heater is heat exchanger that are used to further heat the fluid and keep it at a heated condition. The fluid normally is in a condition of a gas |
| Vaporizer of Evaporator |
Vaporizer of Evaporator is heat exchanger for the purpose of using steam that is generated by fluid evaporation caused by heating and latent heat given |
| Condenser |
Condenser is a heat exchanger that condense vapour by transferring heat to cooling water, atmospheric air, or other media |
| Total Condenser |
Total Condenser is a kind of condenser and is used for condensing and liquefying all of the condensed gas |
| Partial Condenser |
Partial Condenser is a kind of condenser and is used for condensing and liquefying part of the condensed gas. Normally circulate the part of condensed liquid and adjust the operation of a distiller |
| Chillers |
Chillers are equipments that cool a process stream to very low temperature by evaporating a refrigerant |
| NPSH |
Net Positive Suction Head |
| P & ID |
Piping and Instrument Diagram |
| Types of Pumps |
Pumps are classified as centrifugal, positive displacement ( reciprocating), rotary. |
| Type of Heat Exchangers |
Shell and Tube Exchanger ( or Multiple-Tube Cylinder Type Heat Exchanger); Plate Exchanger; Spiral Heat Exchanger; Double Pipe Exchanger; Air Cooler Exchanger |
| Type of Shell and Tube Exchanger |
Floating Head Type, U-Tube Type; Fixed Tube Sheet Type; Kettle Type |
| Set elevation of a drum |
To set the elevation of a drum, the plant layout designer requires the following information: Drum dimensions; Type of heads; Support details; NPSH requirements of Pump; Bottom outlet size; Minimum clearances; Location |
| Pump |
Pump is a equipment that is used to transfer liquid or gas from a place to another place. |
| Anchor |
Point where piping is fixed is called the anchor point. The device attached to pipe or the complete structure if it serves the single purpose of fixing the pipe is called an anchor |
| Bleed |
A small valve provided for drawing off liquids |
| Blind |
A plate sized to be inserted in a flange to isolate a portion of a system |
| Block Valve |
a valve furnished to shut off a separate system. |
| Control Valve |
Any one of a number of different types of valves remotely operated from some type of instrument. |
| Directions |
The plant north direction shown on plot plans and other draws will serve for orientation of equipment |
| Drip-Leg |
A vertical section of pipe located in horizontal piping to deflect and "catch" condensate |
| Gradient |
The successive drop in elevation of piping to insure gravity flow and drainage |
| Guide |
Device controlling the direction of piping movement |
| Hanger |
A rod and clamp, a chain, or a spring device used for supporting pipe is called a hanger |
| Line |
A pipe run from one point to another |
| Line Number |
Line number is a number and symbol appearing on piping drawings which identifies the pipe according to size, process fluid, general location, and specification |
| B.O.P |
Indicated Bottom of Outside of Pipe |
| P.E |
Indicated Plain-End |
| B.V |
Indicated Bevel-End |
| P.S |
Indicated Pipe Support |
| S.P |
Indicated Sample Point |
| Shoe |
Device welded or clamped to a pipe which provides a bearing |
| Steam Trap |
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| Strainer |
A perforated metal sheet temporarily ( permanent ) placed in a flanged joint to protect equipment from foreign mater in initial operation |
| Key Plan |
It is a kind of drawing showing the location and match line of each plan drawing with their corresponding drawing number. |
| Plot Plan |
It is the key document produced during the engineering phase in any processing facility. It is used to locate equipment and supporting infrastructure and to establish the sequence of major engineering and construction activities. |
| Piping Arrangement or Layout |
It is the whole layout of a plant which includes piping route, equipment, structures, cable trays and instruments. |
| Piping Plan Drawing |
It is the whole view of the plant including platforms, equipment, piping route, instrument, etc. It serves as the final product of the piping layout. |
| Piping Isometric Drawing |
It is a drawing extracted from piping plan drawing into detail single line drawing which is drawn in a perspective manner. |
| Piping Information |
These are engineering data prepared by piping department such as pipe rack information, sleeper information, etc. This is to be given to other disciplines for their reference in preparing their design. |
| Pipe Rack |
A structure that is use to support a group of high elevated pipes situated along process or utility areas. |
| Pipe Sleeper |
It is use to support a pipe or group of pipes situated along tankage areas and of low elevation. |
| Tie-in List |
It is the list of all piping connections to existing lines with their corresponding line numbers and connection type. |
| BM (Bill of Material) |
It is the list of all piping materials included for the whole project. |
| BQ (Bill of Quantities) |
It is the quantity of materials such as painting, insulation and piping in terms of surface area, linear meters, tonnage and inch-dia. |
| MTO (Material Take-Off) |
A process of determining all the piping materials in a certain isometric drawing. |
| Requisition |
It is the list of materials with their corresponding description and quantities used in inquiries and purchased orders. |
| Piping Material Specification |
A list of all the material class to be used in a certain project. This includes pipes, fittings, flanges, gaskets, bolts & nuts and valves. |
| Piping Bulk Materials |
Is all the materials considered as bulk which includes pipes, fittings, gaskets, bolts & nuts, etc. |
| Piping General Specification |
It refers to the standard design procedures and project requirements to be used in the design of a certain project. |
| PFD (Process Flow Diagram) |
It refers to schematic flow of process lines which is to be used in the early stage of design engineering. |
| P&ID (Piping and Instrument Diagram) |
It is a diagram produced by process department showing the flow from one equipment to the other, different instruments and controls. |
| UFD (Utility Flow Diagram) |
It refers to schematic flow of utility lines which is to be used in early stage of design engineering. |
| Model Review |
The model review consists of the following four (4) review steps:a. Equipment location review for Client’s comment.b. 1st (30%) model review.c. 2nd(60%) model review.d. 3rd(90%) model review.The “Equipment location review” and the “1st model review “ may be combined and held at one time. |
| Equipment Engineering (Equipment Skeleton) |
It is the preliminary data of all equipment to be used for design and layout purposes. |
| Vendor Drawing |
It refers to equipment drawings and other piping accessories furnished by the supplier for engineering use. |
| Data Sheet |
It refers to those data which contain process information to be used in engineering design. |
| Instrument Data Sheet |
An engineering data for all instruments provided by the instrument department. |
| Engineering Schedule |
It is a schedule based on detailed disciplines engineering activity per project. |
| General Project Schedule |
It shows the overall activities of all the disciplines in a sequence and orderly manner. |
| Scope of Project |
Defines the limitation, type and volume of activities to be undertaken. |
| Job Code |
A code use by the company to separate different kind of works for control and monitoring. |
| Standard Drawing |
It refers to drawings that are used as reference standard of an organization or project, such as typical detail of vents and drains, pressure gauges, orifice taps, etc. |
| Standard Support Drawing |
It refers to drawings which are normally use in supporting pipes. They are called standard because they are usually available in every project. |
| Special Support Drawing |
It refers to pipe support drawings which are not included in standard pipe support drawing. They are usually very special in nature. |
| Steam Trace Drawing |
It refers to drawings of steam trace lines. These are usually extracted from piping plan drawings. Distribution and collection manifolds are to be provided. |
| Client Specification |
Specifies client requirements on engineering, construction, operation, and maintenance. |
| Client Standard Drawing |
It refers to drawings owned by the client showing specific assembly of items based on their requirements. |
| Client Existing Drawing |
It refers to drawings which are already existing and can be used as a reference for expansion or revamp projects. |
| Demolition Drawing |
It refers to drawing which shows the portions or areas that have to be removed from an existing plant. Existing drawing is usually use in the preparation of this drawing. |
| Conceptual Layout |
It is a layout or drawing which serves as a preliminary design or estimate data in which we can extract piping information, etc. |
| Clarification List |
It is the list of unclear items that needs to be clarified specially during proposal stage. |
| Deviation List |
It is the list of alternatives for unavailable materials or even procedures that is necessary for client approval. |
| Document Master List |
A complete list of all the documents with their corresponding revision number and date of issue |
| Information List |
It is the list of all information to be done on a certain project with their corresponding date of issue. |
| Line Index |
A complete list of all line numbers showing the design and operating conditions, etc. To be prepared by piping and process departments. |
| Line Numbers |
This is given to individual lines, each having a starting point (from) and a terminal point (to). |
| Line Class |
A class given to a line number in order to determine which piping material to be used. |
| Installation Level |
It is the elevation given for equipment where it is to be set or installed. |
| NPIC (Notification of P&ID Change) |
A correspondence use if there is revision in P&ID and it would be necessary to inform all departments concerned. |
| NPPC (Notification of Plot Plan Change) |
A correspondence use if there is a change in plot plan drawing of which other departments should be informed. |
| NPMC (Notification of Piping Material Change) |
A correspondence use if there is revision in Piping Material and it would be necessary to inform all departments concerned. |
| Basic Design Data |
It is a design input which contains preliminary information during basic design stage. |
| Basic Engineering Design Data |
These are the input data to be used during basic design such as P&ID, piping material specifications and equipment skeleton drawings. |
| Design Basis |
It refers to client’s documents, standards and specifications used as a guide in the preparation of our products. |
| Detail Engineering Design Data |
These are the input data to be used during detail engineering design like equipment vendor drawings, instrument data sheets, standard drawings and information from other disciplines. |
| Design Pressure |
Pressure which is greater than the pressure at the most severe condition of coincident internal or external pressure and temperature (minimum or maximum) expected during service. |
| Design Temperature |
Coincident pressure, the greatest thickness or highest component rating is required in accordance with the design The temperature at which, under the pressure. |
| Dimension Table |
It is a table which consist dimensions for fittings, valves and bolts & nuts. It also gives data for different ratings of pipes. |
| ASME |
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| ANSI |
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| ASTM |
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| BS |
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| API |
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| Process Vent |
Take out air remaining in piping systems before and while injecting the testing fluid into the system for pressure testing. It also use to suck out air remained in a pump before starting operation. (when the pump suction line has air pockets) |
| Process Drain |
Provided to discharge the fluid (liquid) existing in the piping system. It also use for injecting pressure testing fluid into equipment/ piping. |
| Pressure Gauge |
A pressure gauge measures the pressure in a pipe or vessel. The result may be read at place or transferred to the control room. |
| Sampling Connection |
A sampling Connection is a valve that allows the smooth extraction of product samples along the pipeline or from equipment like tank or reactor. |
| Sample Cooler |
A sample cooler is a device that cools the process fluid before it is released to the sampling point using water as a cooling medium. |
| Thermowell |
Is unit for the protection of the temperature instrument bulb. |
| Gate Valve |
Is the most common type that plants use. It is widely used for on & off and not suitable for flow regulation (throttling). |
| Globe Valve |
It is used for regulation (control flow).Tight shut off, one directional valve and more pressure drop. |
| Ball Valve |
It is used for regulation (control flow) and on-off. Quick operation (90°-Turn ) and available in reduced & full bore. |
| Check Valve |
It let flow in one direction only. |
| Diaphragm Valve |
It is used for on-off and throttling. Good for handling slurries, corrosive fluids, sludges, food. |
| Plug Valve |
It is used for shut-off at low pressures. |
| Butterfly Valve |
It is used for on-off and throttling. |
| Steam Trap |
A steam trap serves as an automatic valve, which removes the hot condensate, air and other non-condensable gases as they reduce the efficiency of the heat transfer from a steam header or steam equipment. Steam traps open to release condensate, air and gases but close to keep the steam in. |
| Drain Trap |
A drain trap serves as an automatic loss prevention valve. Removing water, moisture or oil may be done manually or using a drain trap. A drain trap opens to discharge fluids and closes to prevent air and gas loss. |
| Spring Support |
A spring support is used to sustain the dead weight of pipelines, to restrict the movement and to eliminate vibration cause by thermal expansion including mechanical or fluid vibration, earthquakes and wind effects. Spring support shall be provided with means to prevent misalignment, buckling, and to prevent unintentional disengagement of the load. |
| Spring Hanger |
Most frequently used as hangers for high-temperature piping systems, which may be affected by thermal elongation. It is recommended for relatively small displacement. |
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